What effect does niacin have on cholesterol levels?

Niacin is well-known for its role in modifying lipid levels, particularly its ability to significantly increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. This is beneficial because HDL cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol; it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream, which can lower the risk of heart disease.

The mechanism by which niacin increases HDL cholesterol involves the alteration of lipid metabolism. Niacin decreases the breakdown of HDL in the liver and enhances its synthesis, leading to higher levels circulating in the bloodstream. This increase in HDL cholesterol can be particularly advantageous for patients at risk for cardiovascular disease, as higher levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Furthermore, while niacin also has a role in decreasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides, its most notable and beneficial effect is the increase in HDL cholesterol. This unique property distinguishes niacin from many other lipid-lowering agents, making it a valuable option in managing dyslipidemia, especially in patients requiring an increase in HDL levels.