What class of lipid-lowering agents is often referred to as statins?

The class of lipid-lowering agents referred to as statins is known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Statins function by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a crucial role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in the liver. By blocking this enzyme, statins effectively reduce the production of cholesterol, leading to lower levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the bloodstream.

Statins are highly effective in lowering LDL cholesterol levels and are commonly prescribed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, they have several pleiotropic effects, such as improving endothelial function and having anti-inflammatory properties, which contribute to their cardiovascular protective effects.

Understanding the mechanism of action and the classification of statins provides insight into their role in managing hyperlipidemia and preventing atherosclerosis.