What are the most common adverse effects of niacin therapy?

The most common adverse effect of niacin therapy is flushing of the face. Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is known for its ability to increase levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is often referred to as "good" cholesterol. However, one of the hallmark side effects of niacin when used in therapeutic doses is the flushing response, which is caused by the release of prostaglandins. This flushing can lead to a feeling of warmth, itching, and redness of the skin, particularly in the face and upper body, and can occur shortly after ingestion.

Understanding this side effect is important for patient education and management during niacin therapy, as it can often deter patients from continuing treatment. Patients may be advised on strategies to minimize flushing, such as taking aspirin prior to niacin, taking niacin at bedtime, or starting with a lower dose and titrating up gradually. The knowledge of flushing as a prominent adverse effect sets it apart from the other adverse effects listed in the choices.